Ra Myth ~ ANCIENT EGYPT ~ Also called Re; he was the God of the Afternoon Sun. His name translates as either: "Creative Power" or "Creator" or "Sun." Ra was self-created from the Primordial Waters of Nun, and thusly sometimes being credited as the original God of Creation. He is the father of Bastet, Ma’at (Goddess of Order/Justice), and Sakhmet, and is also the father of Hathor by Nut. Ra was also sometimes considered to be the father of Shu (God of Dry Air) and Tefnut (Goddess of Moist Air). He was grandfather of Nut and Geb (God of the Earth); great-grandfather of Osiris, Seth, Isis, Heru-ur, and Nephthys (Goddess of the Desert, Sterility, and Women); and great-great-grandfather to Horus the Younger. His center of worship was Heliopolis, although he was worshiped throughout Egypt. He was the God of the Strong, Afternoon Sun, and was the only god to age. Myths relate that he could strike down his enemies with his gaze alone. His right eye could detach from his body to inflict his wrath; called the "Eye of Ra," it represented his merciless and omnipresent knowledge of all beings beneath the sun. He was also the benefactor of Seth during the struggles with Horus the Younger. He is usually depicted as a falcon-headed man crowned with a solar disk. The Movie (StarGate ©1994) ~ Thought to be the last of his race, he is the Supreme System Lord. He is the androgynous Goa’uld [the bad aliens] ruler of Abydos. He brought Ancient Egyptians to Abydos to mine an unnamed mineral (later known as Naquadah in show), which is used in great quantities in his technology. He was forced to abandon Earth after an uprising and banned reading and writing on Abydos. Killed by Col. Jack O’Neil and a nuclear bomb. In the novelization of the movie, it is revealed that Ra has mining operations on several planets in the area of the universe around Abydos, and hadn’t actually been to Abydos for many years. He only showed up because the mineral (Naquadah) shipment had not been made on schedule. It is also revealed that Abydos was his first colony and he hated being there because it reminded him too much of home. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ The SGC fears that he survived the nuclear blast and has returned to Earth. ("Maybe he’s got a brother Ray." --Kawalsky). They learn that Ra was not the last Goa’uld, and that Apophis was the one who came to Earth (101 – Children of the Gods). It is learned that Hathor was, at one time, his queen, with whom he fathered Heru-ur. She fell from his grace and was exiled to Central America where she was entombed in the Temple of Inscriptions (113 – Hathor). Ra controlled the planet Pangar for centuries, however, Shak’ran, a rival System Lord, captured the planet in battle (Shak’ran was later defeated by Apophis 300 years ago). The Pangaran archaeologists, while excavating the ruins of Shak’ran’s temple sixty years ago, discovered a secret chamber beneath, which was built by Ra. In this chamber, they found a sealed canopic jar containing Egeria. Ra imprisoned her there as punishment 2000 years ago for her rebellion and the creation of the Tok-ra movement (610 – Cure). Ra possessed a Zero Point Module (ZPM). However, he didn’t know what it was used for and used it as a religious relic, called the “Heart of Light.” SG-1 plans the rebellion that forced him to abandon Earth (See: Katep and Salatis). In one timeline, the rebellion works, however Ra takes the Gate with him. In the correct timeline, SG-1 prevents him from taking the Gate, thus correcting the timeline (The picture of Ra with the Heart of Light in Catherine’s The Eye of the Sun is based on a carving of Pharaoh Akhenaten; see the original at TourEgypt: Aten Before and After Akhenaten) (819/820 – Moebius).

Ragnarok Myth ~ ANCIENT NORSE ~ (translation: "Doom of the Gods") Also called Ragnarök, Ragnarøk, and Götterdämmerung (German translation: "Twilight of the Gods"). It is the end of time. The Icelandic poem Völuspá ("Sibyl’s Prophecy" dating from the late 10th century) fully describes it. The event that will signal the coming of Ragnarok is Fimbulvetr, which is three continuous winters (with no summers between). There will be great discord and moral chaos amongst the mortals, which will result in the end of humanity. Also, the sun will darken, the stars will die out, and the earth will sink into the ocean. For more see: Barbarian’s Website: Ragnarok and Encyclopedia Mythica: Ragnarok. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ Malchus thinks SG-1 are "evil elves" and have brought Ragnarok to their planet when their sun, the Eye of Odin, shifts to the red light spectrum (dimmed) (505 – Red Sky).

Ronon Dex History ~ JAPAN ~ Possibly named for the Ronin (Translation: "Wave Man" as in one who is tossed about, like a wave in the sea). The Ronin were masterless Samurais in the feudal period of 1185 to 1868. All Samurais were bound by bushido (a strict code of honor) and were in the close service of the nobility. Some considered it undesirable to be a Ronin, for they didn’t receive regular pay from a lord. However, others thought it was a necessary life experience of any true Samurai. A Samurai became Ronin when he became masterless. He became masterless if: he was no longer in the service of a lord because his lord had died, his master lost his fortune, his lord was banished, the Samurai fell from favor, or he choose to become a Ronin. Ronins were considered dishonorable because Samurais were supposed to be loyal at all costs to their masters according to the code of bushido. A way for Ronin to regain honor was seppuku, a form of ritual suicide where one stabs oneself in stomach with his own sword. Learn More: The 47 Ronin. The Show (Stargate Atlåntis) ~ Seven years ago, he was a soldier on his home world of Sateda. His home world was culled by the Wraith and was left in ruins. The Wraith captured him and were about to feed on him, when they decided to make him a Runner. The Wraith implanted a tracking device in his back and hunt him for sport (203 – Runner). On planet Belka, Ronon encounters Solen, a Satedan soldier from his regiment. He informs Ronon that 300 plus Satedans escaped the Wraith, including Kell, Ronon’s old Task Master. He convinces Teyla to set up a meeting with Kell, who is now an arms-dealer. As soon as Kell enters the room, Ronon kills him for sending thousands of Satedans to their deaths so he could save himself and his family (206 – Trinity).

Runes Language ~ ANCIENT NORSE ~ From the Old Norse word, run, it translates to "Secret Lore." Variations of the Runic alphabet were used in the following areas: Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Schleswig, Britain, Iceland, Scandinavia, France, Germany, Ukraine, Russia, and islands off the coast of Britain. Runes represent ideas, letters, and numbers. The first Rune in the riddle is þurisaz (also Thurisaz). It represents giants, Thor’s Hammer, or a gateway. It represents the number 3, the sound "th," and the deities Loki and The Frost Giants. The second rune is perþ (or Perth). It represents a dice-cup. It also represents the number 14, the letter "p," and the Goddess Freya. The third rune in the riddle is Ehwaz. It represents a horse, the number 19, the letter "e," and the deity Sleipnir (Odin’s eight-legged horse) and Freya’s feathered cloak. The forth and final rune in the riddle is Raiðo (also Raido). It represents a journey, the number 5, the letter "r," and the Norns (demi-goddesses of destiny) and the myth of Sigurd’s journey. For more information see: The Runic Journey, Rune-Net, and The Viking Network. The Show (Stargåte SG-1) ~ On Cimmeria (P3X-974), Daniel, Sam, and Gairwyn, must solve the Riddle of the Runes in the Hall of Thor’s Might (See Mjollinir). Daniel uses the numeric values of the runes solving it as Pi (3.14195). See also: Ansuz and Othala (206 – Thor’s Chariot).

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